Comorbidity of mental disorders and substance use: a brief guide for the primary care clinician
6.2 Comorbidity with anxiety disorders
Table of contents
- Acknowledgments
- Abbreviations
- Preface
- Introduction
1. Levels of evidence- 2. Management of people with comorbidity of mental disorders and substance use
- 3. The common drug groups
- 4. Tobacco
- 5. Depression and substance use
6. Anxiety disorders and substance use- 6.1 Anxiety
- 6.2 Comorbidity with anxiety disorders
- 6.3 Major clinical issues with anxiety disorders and cannabis/ hallucinogen use
- 6.4 Major clinical issues with anxiety disorders and alcohol use
- 6.5 Major clinical issues with anxiety disorders and opioid use
- 6.6 Major clinical issues with anxiety disorders and stimulant (including methamphetamine) use
- 6.7 Major clinical issues with anxiety disorders and benzodiazepine use
- 6.8 Major clinical issues with anxiety disorders and inhalent/ solvent use
- 7. Psychosis (schizophrenia and bipolar disorder) and substance use
- 8. Personality disorders and substance use
- 9. Eating disorders and substance use
- 10. Somatoform disorders and substance use
- 11. Gambling and substance use
- 12. Brain injury, mental disorders and substance use
- 13. Bibliography
- 14. Appendices
- Anxiety frequently occurs in conjunction with other mental disorders, in particularly depression(10, 28, 58, 68, 123, 201, 219-224).
- Anxiety has also been shown to co-occur frequently with suicidality(28, 219) and somatisation disorders(123).
- The presence of anxiety as a comorbidity increases the level of impairment associated with the primary disorder(58, 123).
- Anxiety (particularly PTSD) is commonly seen in association with substance use(10, 11, 23, 28, 29, 68, 121, 196, 221, 224).
- The causal relationship between anxiety disorders and substance use (self-medication theories, substance-induced anxiety) are not clearly established(196).
- Anxiety is also a common feature of substance withdrawal(46, 194, 196).
